http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/RSS.ashxRefrigeration and Air Conditioning PagesMon, 09 Jul 2007 17:07:03 +0200http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=1http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=12007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=2http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=2Who in the world is only happy when he has zero to show for a full days work As a testing technician, Van Keyes has zero tolerance for defects. His motto is do it right the rst time. And thats a good thing, because Van is the last person to touch our products before theyre shipped. Every day he submits them to a rigorous series of tests designed to weed out even the smallest possible issue. When it comes to quality control, hes our last line of defense. Take a look at him do you think much gets by Van Ever since the companys beginning, the Danfoss name has stood for consistency and unwavering reliability. Quality control is never, ever taken lightly. Please visit us at www. northamerica. danfoss. com to see how our strict quality control helps cus tomers keep their downtime close to zero. Who in your world delivers the dependability that fuels your success We do. Controls Compressors Condensing Units Gear Motors Adjustable Frequency Drives Valves Controllers Oil Pumps Thermostats Van Keyes, Test Technician Danfoss Dependable. 2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=3http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=3CONTENTS Summer 2002 E very day we work with electronics and mechanical parts, with machines and technology. Yet, at the core of our business are people. Danfoss serves customers who bring various comforts, conveniences and benets to people and the environment. Whether they are shipbuilders, heating installers, manufacturing technicians, refrigeration engineers, or others who use our components, we always keep in mind our customers customers and how our products affect the health, safety, and standard of living for all stakeholders. It is what keeps us striving toward better and better technologies knowing that our jobs impact other businesses and the people who use their products. In this issue we feature a wide range of applications from reducing fever in critically ill patients to keeping rooms comfortable on a luxury ship. Food storage and water safety are also high lighted. This is only the tip of the iceberg, a snapshot of how some of our products help improve the quality of life. As always, we look forward to hearing from you. THE EDITORS, solutionsdanfoss. com www. northamerica. danfoss. com Improving Lives Through Technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 Smart Greenhouses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 Versatile Cooling for Vitality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 Operating Room Refrigeration Fever Control of Critical Cases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8 New Danfoss Book on Wastewater Treatment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10 Pine Hall Brick Doubles Capacity, Reduces Injuries . . . . . . . . . . 11 Refrigeration Over the Road . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13 The World Offers Every Comfort At Sea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Cryogenics for Critical Applications in Everyday Life . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15 Product News . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16 Jeff Duncan North America Motion Controls Division Jennifer Hutchins Corporate Communications Division Aneta Stephens North America Heating Division Lisa Tryson North America Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Division DANFOSS SOLUTIONSis published for the benet of Danfoss customers. Information in the DANFOSS SOLUTIONS may be republished only with permission of editorial and always with credit to DANFOSS SOLUTIONS. Comments, suggestions, and contributions are welcome. This publication should not take the place of appropriate technical or legal advice related to companyspecic circumstances. DANFOSS SOLUTIONSdoes not assume any liability of any kind whatsoever for the use or reliance upon the information contained in this publication. 2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=4http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=42Summer 2002Danfoss Dependable. received the rst U. S. Patent for mechanical refrigeration. He devised a machine to cool hospital sickrooms for yellow fever patients, which reduced the temperature of compressed air by direct expansion. In 1859, Ferdinand Carr designed a refrigera tion system that used expanding ammonia as a refrigerant instead of air. In those early days of refrigera tion it was rare to have a mechanical refrigerator in the home due to cost, size, and complexity of the systems, as well as the toxicity of ammonia and ammability of other refrigerant substances. People were not only dependent upon the icemans deliveries, but they also had to nd nearby sources for dairy products and other fresh foods until refrigerated trans portation and supermarkets came into use. Through the 1930s progress continued in North America and in other parts of the world. During this time, Danfoss founder Mads Clausen developed an expansion valve for refrigerators based on American tech nology and introduced it to European markets. The company Clausen founded is now a major global sup plier of refrigeration components and continues to improve upon control and compressor technology for com mercial, industrial and household use. Chlorouorocarbon refrigerants were developed in 1928 and became widely When we think of how technology improves the quality of our lives, innovations in transportation, healthcare, and communication come to mind. Over the centuries such developments have provided people better access to food, water, medicine and information. Yet the effects of technology on our lives are also complex. For example, new highways and nuclear power can improve peoples lives but have potentially negative impacts as well. Today scientists and engineers are working on ways to have the best of both worlds by developing solutions that respect the environment and cultural traditions while improving peoples quality of life. The indus tries Danfoss serves continue to make strides in everything from indoor comfort and refrigeration to water treatment and industrial automation. From Hunting to Humidity Control In prehistoric times, man stored his game in snow to preserve it. Refrigeration has come a long way since then and continues to undergo improvements. Product development has progressed from iceboxes to computercontrolled systems that store and transport food safely and costeffectively with the least harm to the environment. In 1851 American physician John Gorrie COVER STORY Improving Lives Through Technology2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=5http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=5Summer 20023Danfoss Dependable. used. Later it was discovered that CFCs deplete the earths ozone layer, so international agreements such as the Montreal Protocol and national policy decisions, have led industry and the scientic community to develop safer alternatives to CFCs. Refrigerant issues will rise in importance, says Robert Wilkins, president of Danfoss Air Conditioning and Refrigeration Division. Globally there will be increased environmental and regulatory pressure to switch from ozonedepleting HCFCs to nonozonedepleting HFCs and other new refrigerants. Danfoss is researching broader use of alternative refrigerants like hydro carbons and CO2 to make sure we are ready for whatever technology our customers decide to pursue. Danfoss is also involved in develop ing refrigeration systems that use renewable energy sources such as solar power. Thanks to improvements in refrig eration, we now take for granted that we can nd fresh meat, vegeta bles and dairy products from all over the world in our local super markets and store them in our homes. A Watt Saved is a Penny Earned In the early days, humans relied on re to cook their food and to stay warm. Today we use several sources of energy to light, cool and heat our homes, hospitals and ofces, drive our automobiles and enjoy other conveniences. Although Ben Franklin paved the way for the future of electricity in the 1700s, wood remained the primary energy source until the 1800s. Then coal took over as the dominant source of energy, and eventually oil, which now provides most of the power we use. Hydropower, natural gas, and nuclear energy also contribute to our nations energy, and to some extent so do renewable energy sources such as solar and wind power. As worldwide consumption rises rapidly so do concerns about whether energy will be available to meet humans increasing appetite. The search is on for technologies that minimize energy consumption and improve quality of life for gener ations to come. There have been many developments in the industries Danfoss works in, such as highef ciency refrigeration, indoor heating and cooling, water treatment, marine systems and manufacturing. Yet many analysts contend that there is a long way to go before consumers and industries begin to implement the approaches necessary to ensure that we dont deplete our planets natural resources. Pure Health Today more than a billion people have no potable drinking water, and more than half of the worlds popu lation lacks basic water sanitation. In some countries these deciencies are rising instead of falling. Many factors from geography and poli tics to water treatment technology are involved in providing healthy, drinkable water. In ancient times water was stored in large pottery jars, handcarried from the river by household slaves. The porous jars allowed slight evapora tion that kept the water cool. Centuries later, the worldwide out break of cholera was the impetus for modern water treatment systems. Now sophisticated equipment moni tors mechanical, chemical and bio logical processes precisely. Innovative devices for ow control and measurement and nutrient analy sis continue to enhance water quality in urban and rural areas where we live. They also make it possible to supply potable water and to process wastewater in areas that were previ ously denied these basic provisions. Thanks to inventions like these, we enjoy a quality of life that our ancestors could not even imagine. And new technologies will continue to improve how future generations live. 2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=6http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=6Smart Greenhouses INCREASED TRAFFIC CONGESTION, diminished open spaces, suburban expansion and decaying urban areas have caused many people to rethink how we develop our land. Strategies for maintaining eco nomic growth while also curbing costly development on greeneld sites and preserving quality of life are gaining higher priority in metropolitan areas. With societal attitudes moving toward conservation and preservation of energy and natural resources, greenhouses may well become the preferred venue for growing vegetables, fruit and owers. Butto control environmental temperatures, greenhouses must overcome several challenges. These include rapid and widely varying changes in solar radiation, preheating delay of large hotwater heating systems, adjusting to unknown factors that affect heat loss, such as shading and equipment malfunction, and evaporative cooling effects of plant transpiration. Because of a greenhouses solar gainheat loss characteristics, temperature conditions can change very quicklymore quickly than heating and cooling systems can react. For example, if sunlight is bright and suddenly disappears, the effect on the greenhouse temperature within the zone can be very rapid and drastic. Therefore there is a need to anticipate heating and cooling loads within the zone before conditions change. This requires precise controller programming to ensure that the heating system reacts to falling temperatures. When the system anticipates the added heat load immediately, and automati cally raises the water as the temperature is dropping. The result is that proper temperature is maintained in the zone. This requires growers to use the features to their capacity. The heating system designer and the installing contractor must orchestrate all of this. Precise temperature control Paul Boers Ltd, located in Vineland, Ontario, is a leader in total growing systems, and has been successfully using Danfoss VLT adjustable frequency drives to control and maintain temperature levels in their greenhouses. The drive controls the pumps, which in turn deliver the water to a boiler and a MOTION CONTROLS 4Summer 2002Danfoss Dependable. Paul Boers Ltd, a leader in total growing systems located in Vineland, Ontario, has been successfully using Danfoss VLT adjustable frequency drives to control and maintain temperature levels in greenhouses. 2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=7http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=7piping system throughout the green house. In this closedloop heating system, water temperature is relative to water pressure. As the temperature rises inside the boiler, the pressure is also increasing. When water circulates throughout the greenhouse the water temperature decreases. The challenge is to main tain the same temperature levels throughout the cycle. Danfoss worked closely with Paul Boers to devise a solution in which the drives and pressure transmitters are com bined into a single system, explained Paul Lamarre of Danfoss. The pres sure transmitters mounted on the cold water return and the hot water pipes send signals to the drive as the pres sure changes. The Danfoss VLT com pares the signals, adjusts the pump speed and maintains the pressure within 12psi differential inside the boiler. As a result, the temperature of the water is uniform throughout the greenhouse and the critical temperature is achieved for desired growth. There are many benets to this heating system. Crop qualityis improved because plants are exposed to very similar, predictable, temperature conditions throughout the production cycle, and from season to season. Average daily temperatures and differences between day and night temperatures are main tained within tighter bounds. Improved energy efciency is achieved by eliminating overheating and over cooling that are often caused by a tendency of some control programs to overcompensate after the system catches up. There is less wear and tear on equipment since the program tends to nd the ideal stage or target right away, and makes adjustments only as conditions warrant. The system eliminates lag times on hot waterheating systems. And it mini mizes thermal shock to boilers by adding heat load more gradually because the program immediately anticipates heat requirements. Working closely with leading grow ers, Danfoss was able to successfully reduce energy consumption, says Rudy Boccinfusso of Danfoss. This approach, which promotes smart growth, energy savings, food preser vation, improved comfort and environmental conservation. For more information, contact marketingdanfoss. ca. Summer 20025Danfoss Dependable. Pump Station at the greenhouse. The water is pumped to a boiler and piping system throughout the greenhouse. Working closely with leading growers, Danfoss has been able to successfully reduce energy consumption. 2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=8http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=8MOTION CONTROLS 6Summer 2002Danfoss Dependable. The Versacold Group operates approximately 24 large cold storage and distribu tion facilities across Canada and the Pacic Northwest region of the United States. The warehouses are refrigerated and provide storage for a variety of pharmaceutical companies and retail or wholesale grocery chains, contributing to improved quality of life in large metropolitan areas and small villages throughout North America. In Canada, approximately 60 percent of Versacold facilities are powered at 600 volts from utility companies. The new Danfoss 600 volt VLT drive allows Danfoss to prove its performance and drive capabilities in food storage applications. Versacolds engineering group in Calgary, Alberta, in Canada sought maximum energy savings associated with Adjustable Frequency Drive technology AFD incorporated with centrifugal, otherwise known as variable torque loads. The company had used AFDs in the past but was disappointed with performance of products it initially chose. Due to the sensitive nature of the stored items, system reliability was critical. After a second failure of a competing drive, Danfoss suggested a 30HP, 600volt, adjustable torque drive. The Danfoss AFD was used to control a motor, driving two large evaporative condenser fans connected by Vbelts to a common pulley. In this application, the pressure within the cooling tower is reduced by the air flow created by the fans. Fans are designed for the largest load conditions, and in many cases will provide adequate cooling at much slower speeds. For example, if a fan is lowered to 50 percent of full speed, the energy consumed by the motor will be only 18 of the energy used at full speed. The drive regulates the speed of the motor and fan, dependent upon the feedback signal via a 420m A pressure transmitter. The Danfoss drive, which includes a builtin proportional integral derivative logic controller, is able to modulate speed based on a reference point. Versacolds warehouse in Calgary, Alberta, is controlled by a central Programmable Logic Control PLC, and the feedback signal is relayed to the Versatile Cooling for Vitality The new DANFOSS 600volt VLTdrive proves its performance capabilities in food storage applications. IN ADDITION TO WATCHING WHAT WE EAT, we also need to be assured that our food comes from safe sources and is stored properly. The groceries that reach our supermarkets are often trans ported from distant farms and food processing facilities, and there are many factors involved in this justintime delivery process. MOTION CONTROLS Versatile Cooling for Vitality2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=9http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=9PLC, which in turn applies a varying input signal to the drive. The Danfoss adjustable frequency drive follows the signal from the PLC. Additionally, the fourline LCD display of the drive can display motor RPM, pressure in PSI, motor current in Amperes and frequency in both percentage and Hz. This feature allows plant engineers and operators to receive reliable feedback on system performance and to back up data to the common PLC. The drive was easily mounted inside the existing electrical panel and the load reactors required by the previous drive unit were eliminated. The exclusive soft turn on IGBT and the builtin DC link lter have allowed Danfoss to report one of the lowest dvdt in the drives industry. Recent harmonics testing done at Versacolds building show they are in compliance with IEEE519 standards. The engineering design of the Danfoss VLT Drive presents some of the industrys best performance in sag and surge voltage situations. This was put to the test during a late spring snowstorm. The Versacold plant in Calgary experi enced ve brownout conditions that kept the facility operators busy resetting pieces of electrical equipment, including some competing drives. The Danfoss VLT drive was the only piece of equipment that continued to run awlessly, said Rodney White, Verscold Engineering. To date Danfoss has held true to total drive performance and has proven to be userfriendly. For more information, contact marketingdanfoss. ca. Versacold facility. Calgary, Alberta, Canada Danfoss VLT controls a motor that drives evaporator condenser fans. Danfoss drive mounted inside the electrical panel eliminated the need for load reactors. Summer 20027Danfoss Dependable. Summer 20027Danfoss Dependable. 2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=10http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=108Summer 2002Danfoss Dependable. Type BD hermetic horsepower compressors are used worldwide in applications ranging from recreational vehicles to vaccine transport and storage. Powered from DC batteries, solar and other alternate energy, they are ideal for use away from established power grids. I mmediate and aggressive temper ature management for neuro surgery patients or those who have suffered strokes includes a cooling application demanding the most effec tive and reliable refrigeration compo nents. Danfoss BD compressors are being used in operating rooms around the world as doctors seek to prevent brain damage during surgery and in intensive care. BD compressors that run on battery power have long been used on recre ational vehicles and boats to keep food and drinks healthy and cold without ice, making life more com fortable and enjoyable. And they are used in ambulances and remote clinics to keep drugs and vaccines at correct temperatures. Recently, these small Danfoss compressors have moved into hospitals of all sizes, wherever neuro surgery is performed. When patients suffer severe brain injury, they are highly sensitive to small changes in body temperature. Fever is common, resulting in increased length of hospital stays and, if uncon trolled, in permanent loss of brain function. Controlling the temperature of the nervous tissue is critical to the patients wellbeing and prognosis. Various medicinal temperature control measures, called antipyretic therapy, have traditionally been used during surgery and intensive care the most typical of these is administration of Operating Room Refrigeration Fever Control of Critical Cases the common nonprescription medication acetaminophen. But the American Association of Neurological Surgeons and the American Stroke Association recommend more aggressive fever management. Traditional techniques for fever man agement in stroke patients are often ineffective. Surface cooling with cooling blankets and icepacks are inefcient and labor intensive. ALSIUS Corporation, with extensive experience in catheter development and advanced technology electronic platforms, developed a revolutionary new approach intravascular management of core body temperature. In the new approach, a Cool Line catheter is inserted into a large vein and cooled with sterile saline solution. The tem perature of the solution, maintained by an ALSIUS Cool Gard unit at the patients bedside, can be adjusted to within 0. 1C. At the heart of the Cool Gard unit is a Danfoss BD com pressor. Refrigeration engineers call this type of cooling secondary refrig eration, because the primary refriger ant is not directly used for cooling, At the heart of the Cool Gard unit is a Danfoss BD compressor. AIRCONDITIONING REFRIGERATION2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=11http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=11Summer 20029Danfoss Dependable. but cools another medium rst. Actually the Cool Gard appli cation could be called tertiary refrigeration, since refrigerant is used to cool a water bath that in turn cools the saline solution that provides cooling to the patients blood. Researchers are now recommending further clinical trials for victims of other conditions such as traumatic brain injury, spinal cord injury, and certain types of cardiac arrest. Danfoss is proud to work in partnership with developers like ALSIUS who use our products in life preserving applications. BD compressors are powered by direct current DC. The speed can be varied, within limits, by adjusting current ow in the thermostat circuit, providing a simple means of matching refrigeration capacity to load. The BDs mechanical and electrical simplicity increases reliability, which is critical in scientic and medical applications like Alsius Cool Gard. A plugandplay compressor, the BD can be used with 12 or 24 volt batteries, or powered directly from a suitable DC supply. Compressor electronics automatically detect battery polarity connection errors, and a selectable low voltage cutout allows deep or shallow battery discharge. The compressors are designed for high efciency and low current consumption to provide extended run time between battery charges. They can tolerate up to 30degree displacement from vertical and withstand the shock and vibration of applications in cars, trucks, and RVs. A user can also specially congure the compres sor to operate on any voltage from 9. 6V to 31. 5V, making the BD perfect for use with direct solar power. By changing the design of the refrigeration system, and by varying the speed of the compressor, the smaller capacity BD 35 can provide, for example, 15. 8W of refrigeration capacity at 30C running at 2000 RPM 122 W at 5C at 3500 RPM or 139W at 5C at 2500 RPM. A larger version, the BD 50, has proportionally higher capacities. The quiet, compact and rugged compressor and electronics weigh only ten pounds. For more information contact Danfoss Air Conditioning and Refrigeration 4109318250. The Versatile BDCompressor2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=12http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=12MOTION CONTROLS 10Summer 2002Danfoss Dependable. W hen we turn on the faucet to pour ourselves a glass of water, we dont usually think about how the water gets from a lake or groundwater reserve into our kitchen. And when we let our dishwater down the drain, we dont consider where it goes. Yet processing efuent water is a compli cated system developed through centuries of perfecting ways to collect, purify and distribute our most valuable natural resource. To help practicing engineers and plant managers work with this process, Danfoss has published a book called Get more out of your wastewater treatment plant. The 225page illustrated text describes the wastewater treatment process, from the history of water treatment to the latest technologies. The book resulted from a collaboration between coauthors Pernille Ingildsen, from Danfoss Analytical, and Gustaf Olsson, Professor at Lund University in Sweden, and Danfoss AS. This is an attempt to describe the current state of the art as well as work as a practical guide to instru mentation, control and automation in wastewater treatment plants, Mads Warming, Danfoss Analytical President writes in the introduction. This book can be read by novices as well as experienced operators and engineers. The book is published by Danfoss and describes some of the available methods for improving the current operation of wastewater treatment plants by means of new sensor technology combined with simple control structures. It is not meant to be a promotional text but rather a carefully researched reference on the topic. Ingildsen and Olsson are highly respected experts in the eld of wastewater treatment in Europe. Olsson is Professor of Industrial Automation, Lund Institute of Technology, and has written widely about topics in automation, environ mental control and wastewater treat ment. Pernille Ingildsen is a protg of Olssons and earned her Ph. D. from Lund. The authors managed to create a thorough and understandable text about wastewater treatment. The book begins with an introduction to wastewater treatment, including a timeline from the rst efforts for urban water systems after the global outbreak of cholera to todays sophis ticated sensors and information tech nology. The successive ve chapters discuss control and automation, examining data, the art of process control, applying control in waste water plant operation, and sensors, actuators and the computer system. The chapters are easy to read and provide denitions for terms and readerfriendly explanations for processes. Already, the book has received positive reviews from experts around the world. For more information, contact the Danfoss Water Group 4143558800. New Danfoss Book on Wastewater Treatment This is an attempt to describe the current state of the art as well as work as a practical guide to instrumentation, control and automation in wastewater treatment plants. 2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=13http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=13Summer 200211Danfoss Dependable. M aking bricks traditionally involves an enormous amount of manual labor, from feeding raw material into a crusher to loading red bricks on pallets for shipping. With production outputs of tens of thousands of bricks per day, thats a lot of lifting and loading. Like all brick manufacturers, North Carolinabased Pine Hall Brick Company was faced with constant worker strain and injury and tighten ing OSHA regulations. The solution is a new conveyor, palletizing and pack aging system, known as a De Hacker. With the De Hacker, results are two fold dramatic reduction in worker injury and doubled productivity. Pine Hall Brick Company, founded in 1924, has a long history of manufac turing brick for homes, commercial buildings and paving. The company is headquartered in Madison, North Carolina, and has a total output of 250 million bricks per year, with 300 employees at three plants. The company supplies bricks of different colors, shapes and sizes and is also the largest supplier of clay pavement in the country. For an enterprise with such a long tradition, redesigning manufacturing processes requires making changes without altering the endproduct quality that has been the companys cornerstone for 75 years. Pine Hall did this with a 1. 7million dollar investment in transferring its palletizing and packaging processes from two traditional lines to a sophis ticated robotic and automated conveyor system. It took about a year and a half to implement the De Hacker. The con trast between the traditional line and the new system is stark. The company has already reaped the benets of reduced worker strain, less waste, and greater efciency. From Clay to Pallet The brickmaking process begins with mined materials transported to the plant for crushing. The crusher breaks up large chunks of clay and passes the material to conveyors that lead to grinders. The grinders pulverize the material to a ne consistency. Once the ne material is ltered through a screen it is tempered into a solid wet mass that is shaped in the desired brick form. The pug mill has a cham ber with revolving shafts that have blades to mix the material. Water is added to these massive mixers for the correct texture and materials are added to change the color. Then the soft mixture is forced through an extruder, cut into slugs and sent to work stations. The bricks are sent into a kiln and red. After burning, proper sorting and packaging is extremely important, because broken, twisted and warped brick are discarded. The bricks are laid on kiln cars alternately vertically and horizontally on top of a layer of graded brick heatresistant ore mate rial. The bricks are still soft at this point and must be handled with care. This is where the De Hacker comes into play. Pine Hall Brick Doubles Capacity, Reduces Injuries MOTION CONTROLS2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=14http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=1412Summer 2002Danfoss Dependable. control of the De Hackers conveyor and palletizing operation. The webenabled system allows us to do remote monitoring and diagnostics without additional software, says Boswell. The bricks are fed into the De Hacker on conveyors controlled by VLT 2800 Series drives, 7. 5HP. And the marshalling area, with conveyors controlled by VLT 2800 Series drives 10HP, feeds the bricks into the pickup area where the large Fanuc robots will transfer the bricks onto a pallet. The VLT 5000P Series drives are also equipped with the Synchronizing Positioning Control Option to provide intricate control of the overhead crane and palletizer to ensure consistent positioning and sorting of the bricks. In the former system, workers had to sort and position these bricks by hand. The workstations are designed so that the pickandplace robots and the sorter working off the overhead traverse crane can operate in the same space. If not coordinated cor rectly they could run into each other and signicantly damage the equipment. This means the synchpos system has the additional function of making sure this doesnt happen. Once the pallet is complete, it is conveyed out of the De Hacker area, strapped, and sent off for shipping by truck and train. Since the entire machine is connected through Ether Net, operators can control any and all cells of this system through a userfriendly digital interface. Pine Hall did not make reductions in staff. The plant uses the same number of employees to make and package twice as many bricks per day. In addition to doubling output, the De Hacker has had the desired effect on workers. Keith Richardson, production supervisor, says the improvements are like night and day. Before almost everything was done by hand. Now that we use the robots, the work is a lot less physical. Its extremely userfriendly and the employees have easily learned to use the serial communication system. To implement the De Hacker system, Pine Hall elicited the help of Basic Machinery Company, Inc. based in Siler City, North Carolina. Basic Machinery designed two workstations capable of palletizing up to 60 cars per day, which equals about 66, 000 bricks. The former system could palletize only about 30 cars per day. As we maximize the capacity, well be able to palletize up to 70 cars per day, says Joey Boswell, Basic Machinery Control Engineer. The workstations use Fanuc robots, the largest of their kind, and a series conveyors and pickandplace machinery. Basic Machinery worked with Motion Control Systems, based in Greensboro, and with Danfoss Drives, based in Loves Park, Illinois, to implement motor control solutions that handle the high capacity and precise control of loading different brick shapes and sizes with while minimizing damage and waste. A sorting and staggering process counts the appropriate number of bricks to be picked off the kiln cars and placed on the pallets. After the sorting, one of the robots grabs the bricks and places them on the pallets. The bricks are carefully spaced with a void builder to avoid sticking and misshaping and to create a space for the forklift to pick up the pallet. The operator controls this void builder by communicating to the system which of the three sizes of brick is being packaged, so that it knows precisely how much spacing to put between the bricks. While great care is taken to prevent warping bricks, the bottommost layer is always discarded, because it is inevitably warped from the weight. The nished pallets hold about 500 bricks and weigh up to 2000 pounds each. The equipment interfaces with a 100Mbs webenabled Ether Net bus communications system that uses 750 IO to tie together back to PLC 300 sensors and drives. In each of the workstations, 19 Danfoss VLT adjustable frequency drives equipped with Device Net Serial Communication Options are coordinated to provide complete motion The new robotic system at Pine Hall uses Danfoss drives and a communica tion system for precise co2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=15http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=15Summer 200213Danfoss Dependable. AIRCONDITIONING REFRIGERATION O ur modern supermarkets offer us fresh tomatoes all year, and a veritable cornu copia of fruits, vegetables, meats, and seafood from all over the Americas and the world. We enjoy a variety of fresh and frozen products that only fty years ago would be hard to imagine. We take for granted not only the wide selection, but also that these foods are as fresh and healthful as they would be only a few miles from their origin. Rapid refrigerated trans port has made all this possible. Once fresh food products leave the farm or the processing plant, proper temperature control is essential. Products in trailers and containers must be kept within a narrow temper ature range to prevent spoilage and maximize product life. For frozen products, maintaining low tempera tures ensures food quality allowing temperature to drift outside the opti mum range can shorten the shelf life of the foods. Specialized refrigeration equipment is needed for transportation applications the loads that need cooling are often large, and yet the refrigeration systems must be extremely compact. A single refrigeration unit must be capable of providing cooling for any product, from ripening bananas to frozen meat to ice cream three different tempera ture ranges, and sometimes all three in one load. Governmental regulations are becoming stricter, and proof of continuous proper storage tempera tures is becoming a requirement from processing to supermarket sale. Resistance to vibration and corrosion are critical parameters in the selection of components, too, because the sys tems operate in a harsh environment. At sea there is salt spray, and great changes in temperature from morning to night. Traveling by rail or truck, containers and trailers are subject to unusual physical shocks, and again changes in the heat load the system must cope with. Vibration is a con stantly present enemy from start to nish of the trip. Operating in all the required tempera ture ranges, Danfoss TU expansion valves are up to transportations chal lenges. Extremely compact, the valves weigh a fraction of traditional brass bodied valves. Their stainless steel construction makes them highly resistant to corrosion over a wide range of temperatures. Because a TU valve is deep drawn from a sheet of stainless steel, it is not only strong, but very light, and there fore is less subject to inertial shock than a heavier brass valve. It is less affected by vibration, and improves the overall resistance of the system to vibration. Danfoss Eliminator lter driers are coated to resist both salt spray and the swings in temperature that containers in transit are subject to. Filter driers also undergo standard prohesion test ing in which they are subjected not only to salt spray but also to dryness and to extremes of temperature. In addition to expansion valves and driers, Danfoss supplies a full spectrum of refrigeration components for trans port applications, including sight glasses, pressure regulators, check valves, sensors, and electronic controls. The dependable quality of all these products is a key factor in maintaining healthful storage and preventing foodborne illness. For more information contact Danfoss Air Conditioning and Refrigeration 4109318250. Refrigeration Over the Road2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=16http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=16MOTION CONTROL 14Summer 2002Danfoss Dependable. I magine living in a luxury home with every amenity, spending your days at sea sipping wine, shopping for designer clothes, stopping at ports of call from Scandinavia to Mexico. You would never have to leave home to travel around the world. This is life for residents of The World of Residen Sea. The rst oceangoing resort sails continuously around the globe, bringing its passengers to exotic destinations in private cabins that cost from 2. 5 million to 7. 5 million dollars each. The 43, 000 grosston Norwegian ship contains one hundred and ten residences of between 1, 300 and 3, 200 square feet and 88 guest suites. In May the vessel sailed on its maiden voyage from Venice, Italy, and it continues to navigate the world with its pampered passengers. A staff of three hundred twenty works hard to make sure The Worldsresidents and guests experience a lifestyle with every luxury imaginable. When not exploring the sights of Italy or France or Australia, passengers can stay on board and relax at home, practice their swing at an onboard driving range, play tennis, go shopping, or head to one of the ships restaurants for just about any type of food they desire, from French fusion to Mediterranean cuisine to sushi. The community on this extraordinary ship is international, mostly from Europe and the United States. Maintaining the best possible indoor comfort for The Worldsdiscerning passengers is imperative. Climate control in the apartments is a very important factor, says Captain Dag Saevik. Each of the apartments onboard is individually climate controlled by the residents themselves to ensure that they are as comfortable in their homes aboard The World as they would be in any landbased home. The Norwegian shipbuilder Fosen Mekaniske Verksteder contracted Novenco A. S. to deliver the airconditioning and ventilation system for the cabins and engine room. And Danfoss supplied the adjustable frequency drives to control the motors of the aircondition ing equipment. Whether the ship is cruising under a hot sun in the Mediterranean or through the Baltic Sea, residents can keep the temperature of their homes to their liking. Just as important is the airconditioning system in the engine room. The ships engine rooms are ventilated with outside fresh air by large supply fans, explains Captain Saevik. And exhaust fans in each room pump out the hot air created by the machinery. In this way, the rooms are kept as cool as necessary for optimum performance. The Worldsairconditioning system includes AISI 316 A units, the most modern available. A major supplier provided three turbochilled water plants. This includes cooling machines with a total capacity of 10, 500 k W and 37 airtreatment units with a total capacity of TThhee WWoorrlldd Offers Every Comfort At Sea Danfoss drives are used in the cooling system in the rst oceangoing sea resort. Comfort onboard the luxury ship is imperative to keeping residents satised. 2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=17http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=17Summer 2002Danfoss Dependable. Summer 200215Danfoss Dependable. 550, 000 m3h. Engine and other fans for technical rooms have a total capacity of about a million m3h and 150 km of ventilation ducts. Danfoss supplied 75 VLT 6000 Series drives to control the motor speeds as well as about 15 VLT 2800s for smaller units. One of the important things for this customer was that our products had the ship DNV approval, says Bjrn Henriksen, product manager for Danfoss Drives. The DNV approval means the drives meet the Det Norske Veritas stan dards for marine use. Since Danfoss has an extensive background in the marine industry, its products uphold the highest standards and approvals that marine customers require. The Worldrequired us to deliver a lot of adjustable frequency drives in one project, so we did everything we could to make sure the customer got delivery to the shipyard on time, and we worked closely with Novenco to make the process go smoothly, adds Henriksen. Danfoss also conducted training for Novenco installers and some of the ships crew. As The Worldcontinues its voyage around the globe, the indoor comfort system helps keep the travelers happy in their extraordinary homes at sea. Cryogenicsfor critical applications in everyday life I n the zone of very low tempera tures, called cryogenic, special surgical techniques can treat certain involuntary disorders like Parkinsons disease. Here also, the phenomenon of superconductivity occurs, making possible the high energy magnets used in magnetic resonance imaging MRI. If erythrocytes and other vital blood products, and stem cells can be held at 50F, they can be shipped wherever the need for them is critical. But not only must the products be maintained at extremely low temper atures, their temperature must be reduced rapidly, typically within 30 minutes, if the biological products are to arrive at their destination in viable condition. Researchers investigating cryogenics, the science of very low tempera tures, are now regularly discovering and proving new applications. And these new applications are putting new demands on suppliers of refrigeration components. Manufacturers of cryogenic equip ment choose Danfoss solenoid valves because of their extreme reliability at extremely low tempera tures, and because of the depth of Danfoss experience with scientic applications. The medium for many cryogenic applications is liquid nitrogen at a temperature of 320F, placing great demands on the valve and coil. Type EV210D valves, avail able with either brass or stainless steel bodies in a range of capacities, is found in a number of cryogenic applications. Because we meet the challenges of cryogenic refrigeration and are able to supply solutions in these critical applications, other advantages accrue to us all in everyday life. Highvalue food products like shrimp and sh can today be frozen without losing their texture and avor because of the advances in cryogenics made for more critical applications. New benets are sure to come as research and engineering lead to new applications for temper atures in the cryogenic zone. Scientists and engineers have established a boundary at 235F. Lower temperatures, below the boiling points of most common refrigerants, are not easy to achieve, but allow otherwise impossible procedures. AIRCONDITIONING REFRIGERATION2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=18http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=1816Summer 2002Danfoss Dependable. PRODUCT NEWS tion and petrochemical applications. All are built on the same compact housing as the highly successful Danfoss PM series of control valves. The same motor unit is used on all models. A spring return can be deactivated for manual op eration. An optional spindle heating element may be required when media temperature is lower than 32F. An op tional EVM pilotoperated solenoid valve can be added to the housing to op timize the valves closing ability and provide for extratight sealing. The EKC 347 controller is well suited to control of refrigerant in ooded evapora tors, and in systems with circulation pumps. Operating on either the 420m A input signal from an AKS 41U liquid level sensor, or on 010V, it can provide high or low pressure control with an alarm output. The EKC 347 can also be retrotted to a solenoid valvebased system to send an onoff signal to a liquid inlet solenoid valve. The controller can receive an analog input signal from a PLC or third party controller. The sensor element and the electronic head of an AKS 41U refrigerant level transmitter are designed for easy service. The two parts can be separated without emptying the standpipe or receiver vessel. The transmitter is a plugandplay device requiring no level calibration. A local bar graph LED liquid level indica tor is an optional addition to the elec tronic transmitter head. Signal output is 420m A with or without signal damping. Maximum working pressure is 580 psig. Although the default refrigerant is R717, users can calibrate the system for R22, R404A, or R134a. The AKS 41U current version is 3. 1 is also approved as a dropin replacement for a number of common liquid level sensors found in in dustrial and supermarket systems. The 420m A output range can be down scaled on site if needed. An AKS 45 position indicator can be added as an option to transmit a 420m A signal to a PC or PLC when MEV position feedback is needed. Typical applications for the MEVbased liquid level system are receivercondenser systems, ooded evaporator separators, and pumpaccumulator systems. For more information, contact Danfoss, Inc. in Baltimore, MD. 4109318250 EVITA INSITU5100 breaks new ground The EVITA INSITU 5100 is the latest in a line of pioneering Danfoss products for measurement of nutrients in water treat ment. It is the rst UVbased nitrate meter that uses an antibacterial ion mem brane to ensure interferencefree measure ment of nitrate in water treatment plants. It is important to remove nitrogen in the process of treating efuent water, and nitrate is an important intermediate sub stance in removing nitrogen. Three years ago Danfoss introduced the ground breaking EVITA INSITU meter, which was the rst online nutrient meter that could be positioned anywhere in the water process line, wherever concentra tions need to be measured, without ltration or any other test preparation equipment. Now the INSITU 5100 online measure ment tool will set new standards for water treatment. It is the rst UVbased nitrate meter that uses an antibacterial ion membrane to ensure interferencefree measurement. It requires only 15 minutes of maintenance every three months. For more information, contact USWater Group, Milwaukee, WI, 4143558800 VLT 8000 AQUAfor water treatment The VLT 8000 AQUA Series is designed specically for wastewater treatment and water supply systems. The product is for New Level Controls for Industrial Refrigeration In industrial applications, monitoring and controlling refrigerant level in re ceivers is essential. Too high a level can cause liquid slugging to compressors at too low a level, cavitation may occur in the system pumps. Traditional system design called for a oat switch in the receiver to operate a solenoid valve and give high and low level alarms. There are two problems with that approach the set points are essentially xed when the oats are installed, thus preventing adjustment and the solenoid valves closing can induce li2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=19http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=19PRODUCT NEWS Summer 200217Danfoss Dependable. installation is again lowered by the elimina tion of cabling to each module. Once the address is set on a communica tions module, the rest of the modules con nected to it are addressed automatically. Additional communications modules can be daisychained to increase the extent of an IO network by adding a new lineup, and modules can be easily added to an existing lineup. A module with 8 digital outputs is offered with or without override switches. Separate LED indicators on the module show the status of each output and override switch. Also, the exact condition off, on, or auto of each override switch can be read from the host controller or a remote PC. Two re movable terminal strip options are offered standard Phoenixtype with recessed screws, and Euromate terminals with pan head screws and crush plates. The output module is also available with 8 universal analog inputs added. Analog inputs can be voltagesensitive or resistive, and by adding a resistor, 420 m A sensors can also be read. Sensor excitation at 5V and 12V is provided. AK2 analog inputs can also be used for dry contact digital inputs. In addition to the combination module, separate modules are offered with 8 universal analog inputs. Digital inputs other than dry contact are accommodated with two types of digital input modules. A low voltage module handles 980 V, either ac or dc, while a high voltage module has inputs for 80260 Vac. For more information, contact Danfoss, Inc. in Baltimore, MD. 4109318250 global distribution and is part of Danfosss commitment to the water treatment industry. The VLT 8000 AQUA offers a combi nation variable torque, constant torque drive and has a power range from 5 to 60HP 200240VAC 5 to 600HP 380 to 480VAC and 1. 5 to 300HP 550 600VAC. The product line offers an optional internal RFI lter, serial com munications options, and the Cascade Controllera eld mounted option board for control up to ve pumps or blowers in a Cascade or Master Slave system. It also has a 4relay card option and uses the VLT 8000 AQUA keypad with userfriendly handsoff control. The VLT AQUA 8000 has been implemented around the world in municipal water plants and irrigation systems. For more information, contact US Water Group, Milwaukee, WI 4143558800 Buttery Valves Danfoss Flomatic introduces new buttery valves that are designed for water supply, HVAC, and general industries. The new Sylax series buttery valves are offered in sizes 2 to 12and are available in a wafer model or full lug type model. These valves are built with high quality materials and are epoxy coated both internally and externally. They also feature extended service life with upper and lower antifric tion bearings. The valves are offered with a range of seat options, and can be tted with actuators on a standard ISO top ange for direct mounting of the actuator. For more information, visit the Danfoss Flomatic website at www. omatic. com, or use Valve Active Fax 18003194645 and enter numbers 12001 12006 for Model 149G buttery valve literature. ADAPKOOLInput Output Modules New inputoutput modules are the rst in the latest generation of supermarket control products to arrive from Danfoss. Compact, costefcient, and selfaddressing, they are the rst of the ADAPKOOL line Danfoss is introducing in North America. The modules can be mounted easily on DIN rail or on any at surface. Echelon Communi cations between modules, and power, are carried by goldplated contacts protected by interlocking connectors. Because the new components use the widely accepted Echelon Lon Talk protocol for communications, the new modules are compatible with Danfoss AKC 55 controllers. But the cost of a system using the new modules is considerably reduced because a single communications transceiver circuit sufces for up to nine IO modules in any assortment. The communications module in each lineup also powers the IO modules. Thus only one power cable and one communications cable run are2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=20http://danfoss.ipapercms.dk/refrigerationandairconditioning/ra/solutions/us/solutionsvol142002/?Page=20Exhibitions Training August 2002 AKC Supermarket Electronic System Training August 2021, 2002, Baltimore, MD. For more information call 4109318250. RC2000 Supermarket Electronic Control Training August 22, 2002, Baltimore, MD. For more information call 4109318250. September 2002 Comfortech 2002September 1114, 2002, Baltimore Convention Center, Baltimore, MD. For more information www. contractingbusiness. comcomfortech FMI Energy 2002September 1518, 2002, Sheraton Bal Harbor Beach Resort, Bal Harbor, FL. For more information www. fmi. org FPDA Fluid Power and Motion Technology Distributors 2002 Tech Expo September 23, 2002, Marriott Riverside San Antonio, TX. For more information call 8564248998. Canadian Manufacturing Week Design Engineering, Plant Maintenance, Materials Handling September 2426, 2002, International Center, Mississauga, Ont. Free passes. For more information call 9056766000. WEFTEC 02September 29October 2, 2002, Mc Cormick Place, Chicago, IL. Danfoss Booth 3848. For more information www. weftec. org October 2002 AHR Mexico 2002October 24, 2002, Cintermex Convention Center, Monterrey, Mexico. For more information www. ahrexpomex. com Inter Bev October 2123, 2002, Georgia World Congress Center, Atlanta, GA. For more information www. interbev. com Wakeup Pay Attention Seminar October 31November 2, 2002, by Robert Bean, Danfoss Inc. , Canada, ISH North America National Trade Center, Toronto. Free online registration httpswww. showregistration. comishnorthamerica VIP code is 1234567 2002 RETA Annual Convention October 812, 2002, Emerald Pointe Resort, Lake Lanier Island, GA. For more information call 8473754738. December 2002 Workboat December 46, 2002, Ernest N. Morial Convention Center, New Orleans, LA. For more information www. workboatshow. com How to Contact Danfoss BALTIMORE, MD 7941 Corporate Drive Baltimore, MD 21236 4109318250 Fax 4109318256 EMail baltimoredanfoss. com Air Conditioning Refrigeration Industrial Controls Components for Oil Burners GLENS FALLS, NY Flomatic Corporation 145 Murray Street Glens Falls, NY 12801 5187619797 Fax 5187619798 EMail omaticomatic. com www. omatic. com Water Controls LOVES PARK, IL Danfoss Drives 4401 N. Bell School Road Loves Park, IL 61111 8156398600 Fax 8156398000 www. namc. danfoss. com Drives Industrial Sales MILWAUKEE, WI 8800 W. Bradley Road Milwaukee, WI 53224 4143558800 Fax 4143556117 www. namc. danfoss. com Danfoss Graham HVAC Danfoss Water Wastewater Nessie Water Hydraulics MISSISSAUGA, ONT 7880 Tranmere Drive Mississauga, ON L5S 1L9 Canada 9056766000 Fax 9056760279 www. danfoss. ca Heating Controls Motion Controls Refrigeration Air Conditioning SOMERSET, NJ Danfoss Bauer 31 Schoolhouse Road Somerset, NJ 08873 1212 7324698770 Fax 7324698773 www. danfoss. comdrivesus Gearmotors CALENDAR OF EVENTS Please mention that you read about the event in Danfoss Solutions2007-07-09T17:07:03+02:00